CNC axis

CNC axis
The axis in the CNC machine is, roughly speaking, a guide along which a tool or workpiece moves. Imagine how a train travels along the rails - the axis of the machines performs a similar function, but on a much smaller scale and with much greater accuracy. Without correctly working axes, it is impossible to get a quality part. They are the basis of the whole work, the key that the part will be made smoothly and exactly as it should.
Types of axes and their tasks
There are usually several axes in CNC machines, each with its own purpose. There is an axis X, which is responsible for moving along, for example, the length of the part. A axis y - for moving in the transverse direction (width). The axis z-for moving up and down (heights). In addition to the main ones, there may also be axes, for example, rotational axes (for example, A, B, C) for processing complex forms. Each axis has its own control system, which synchronizes its work with other axes to achieve the desired result.
How the accuracy of the axes is ensured
The accuracy of the axis movement is very important! To get parts with the desired geometry, axial movements must be very accurate. For this, very accurate guides, ball screws, as well as special sensors that monitor the position of the axes are used. The whole system should be very stable, without backlash and vibrations. Isolating machines from external fluctuations also plays an important role in ensuring accuracy. Imagine how difficult it is to make a perfect table if people walk on the floor or the walls tremble - just the same with the axis of the machine.
How to ensure the durability of the axes
The durability of the axes is also an equally important point. They should work without breakdowns and wear for a long time. For this, high -quality materials, regular control and lubrication are used. Often use monitoring systems that warn of potential problems with the axis, even before they lead to breakdown. Proper operation, compliance with the rules of service, as well as the use of high -quality spare parts can significantly increase the service life of the machine axes.